Hydrostatic Equation

The hydrostatic equation states that whenever there is no vertical motion, the difference in presuure (dp) between two levels (dZ) is caused by the weight of the layer of the air ( mass * acceleration due to gravity = hydrostatic1.jpg ).  Note that acceleration due to gravity (g) is a constant if Z is the geopotential height (if actual geometric height z is used, then g intrinscially will depend on latitude and height).  Mathmatically, this statement can be written as

hydrostatic2.jpg


Using ideal gas law

hydrostatic3.jpg


the hydrostatic equation can be written as :

hydrostatic4.jpg


Integrate the above from level 1 to level 2,

hydrostatic5.jpg


This results in the hypsometric equation :

hydrostatic6.jpg